Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are separate yet often interconnected conditions that can impact a child’s daily life. While they share some overlapping traits, each presents its own unique challenges. Understanding the differences between SPD and autism, and how they co-exist is essential in helping children thrive.
What is Sensory Processing Disorder?
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) is a condition where the brain has trouble making sense of sensory information from the world around it. This includes touch, sound, sight, taste, smell, and movement. Children with SPD may have strong reactions to sensory input, such as meltdowns, trouble with transitions, or sensitivity to things like clothing textures or bright lights.
Symptoms of SPD:
- Hypersensitivity (overreacting) or hyposensitivity (underreacting) to sensory input
- Difficulty processing sensory information, such as being overwhelmed by loud noises or bright lights.
- Delayed or unusual responses to sensory cues
- Struggles with motor coordination and balance
- Trouble with attention and focus
- Emotional distress or anxiety due to sensory overload
- Avoiding or seeking out certain sensory experiences, for example chewing on objects or clothing to seek oral input.
Parents who notice their child reacting differently to sensory input may not always know why. Speaking with a doctor can help, and they may refer the child to an occupational therapist for evaluation. The therapist will observe the child’s interactions, ask questions, and assess sensory responses to determine if SPD is present and recommend a treatment plan.
The primary distinction between autism and sensory processing disorder (SPD) lies in their scope. SPD focuses specifically on difficulties processing sensory information, while autism includes a broader range of behavioral, communication, and social challenges.
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy has proven to be an effective tool for children with autism. This evidence-based approach helps children develop adaptive behaviors by teaching coping strategies for managing overwhelming sensory stimuli and reducing challenging behaviors like tantrums. ABA therapy addresses specific sensory difficulties and supports children in building skills to navigate their environment more comfortably. If you are curious about how ABA therapy can help your child meet their goals, reach out to our team!
